Zimsec A level Sociology Past exam papers and notes.(6043)

The term 'high culture' was introduced in English by the Victorian poet-critic, Matthew Arnold through his work Culture and Anarchy (1869). For him, 'high culture' was a force that encouraged moral and political good. He said that this meant to "know the best that has been said and thought in the world" and he defined 'high culture' as the "study of perfection". The poet T. S. Eliot, in his Notes towards the definition of Culture (1948) felt that both high culture and popular culture were essential for there to be a complete culture. Much of 'high culture' pertains to the appreciation of 'high art', a term that includes Literature, Performing Arts, Music and the Visual Arts. What was regarded as being a part of this 'high culture' was that which had mostly been created during a time when the artist had the patronage of wealthy, sophisticated and aesthetically inclined people and was thus able to produce works of art ...

INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS ON THIS PAPER   1. The socialization process starts at?  A . During the pregnancy period B . When the child starts to talk C . When the child goes to school. D . When one meets a person 2. A positive effect of media in socialization is that A . It allows children to watch movies B . It encourages globalization C. It promotes aggressive behavior among people D. It encourages indoctrination in learners 3. The major challenge facing the music industry today is  A . Proliferation of recording studios B . Piracy by unscrupulous persons C . Inability of people to attend musical shows D . Reluctance by people to buy local music   4. A patrilineal society is led by A . men B . women C . uncle D . grandmothers   5. The role of aunties in indigenous marriage include A . Charging the bride price B . Determining who receives bride price C. Presiding over the marriage proceedings D . Accompanying the bride t...

 

Miller- Lower class subculture. Miller (1962, in Haralambos & Holborn, 1995), rejects Merton's idea of mainstream goals being achieved in alternate ways. Instead, Miller focuses on the focal concerns of lower class subculture (Haralambos & Holborn, 1995). The following focal points of lower class sub culture have been identified: (a) Toughness involves a concern for masculinity. It finds expression in courage in the face of physical threat and a rejection of timidity as well as weakness. In practical terms, this may involve aggression or fist fights with other pupils inside and outside the school. Through this way, the deviant maintains a reputation of toughness; (b) Smartness -This involves the capacity to outwit, dupe 'take', 'con' another (Haralambos & Holborn, 1995). Pick pocketing and petty theft could be some of the activities associated with this aspect of lower class sub culture. Within the school environment a number of activities associated wit...